5. 1. 1. 2. Use feeding and positioning techniques to maintain patent airway.
         3. Institute prompt, aggressive therapy for URIs, to prevent the possible development of pneumonia.
      2. Goal: promote adequate nutrition.
         1. Diet: high in calories (to meet extra energy demands).
         2. Ensure balanced diet of basic foods that can be easily chewed. Refer to dentist for early dental care.
         3. Provide feeding utensils that promote independence.
         4. Relaxed mealtimes, decreased emphasis on manners, cleanliness.
         5. Monitor I&O, weight gain.
      3. Goal: facilitate verbal communication.
         1. Refer to speech therapist.
         2. Speak slowly, clearly to child.
         3. Use pictures or actual objects to reinforce speech.
      4. Goal: prevent injury. Refer to safety throughout growth and development sections, pp. 211-218.
         1. Use individually designed chairs with restraints for positioning and safety.