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Pharmacological (may require “informed consent”; follow hospital protocol). Betaadrenergic agents, MgSO4 (take ECG first) to reduce sensitivity of uterine myometrium to oxytocic and prostaglandin stimulation; increase blood flow to uterus.
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May be maintained at home with adequate follow-up and health teaching.
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Contraindications for suppression: Labor is not suppressed in presence of:
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Placenta previa or abruptio placentae with hemorrhage.
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Chorioamnionitis.
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Erythroblastosis fetalis.
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Severe preeclampsia.
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Severe diabetes (e.g., “brittle”).
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Increasing placental insufficiency.
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Progressive cervical dilatation of 4 cm or more.
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Ruptured membranes (with maternal fever).
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Assessment:
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Maternal vital signs. Response to medication:
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Hypotension.
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Tachycardia, arrhythmia.
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Dyspnea, chest pain.
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Nausea and vomiting.
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Signs of infection:
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Increased temperature.
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Tachycardia.
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Diaphoresis.
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Malaise.
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Increased baseline fetal heart rate; variability
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Contractions: frequency, duration, strength.
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Emotional status - signs of denial, guilt, anxiety, exhaustion.
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Signs of continuing and progressing labor. Note: Vaginal examination only if indicated by other signs of continuing labor progress.
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Effacement.
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Dilation.
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Station.
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Status of membranes.
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Fetal heart rate, activity (continuous monitoring).
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Analysis/nursing diagnosis:
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Anxiety/fear related to possible outcome.
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Self-esteem disturbance related to feelings of guilt, failure.
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Impaired physical mobility related to imposed bed rest.
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Knowledge deficit related to medication side effects.
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Ineffective individual coping related to possible outcome.
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Impaired gas exchange related to side effects of medication (circulatory overload; pulmonary edema).
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Diversional activity deficit related to imposed bed rest, decreased environmental stimuli.
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Altered urinary elimination related to bed rest.
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Constipation related to bed rest.
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Nursing care plan/implementation:
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Goal: inhibit uterine activity. Administer medications as ordered - terbutaline, magnesium sulfate, Procardia, Indocin.
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Goal: safeguard status.
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Continuous maternal/fetal monitoring.
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I&O - to identify early signs of possible circulatory overload.
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Position: side-lying - to increase placental perfusion, prevent supine hypotension.
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Report promptly to physician:
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Maternal pulse of 110 or more.
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Diastolic pressure of 60 mm Hg or less.
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Respirations of 24 or more; crackles (rales).
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Complaint of dyspnea.
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Contractions: increasing frequency, strength, duration, or cessation of contractions.
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Intermittent back and thigh pain.
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Rupture of membranes.
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Vaginal bleeding.
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Fetal distress.
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Goal: comfort measures.
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Basic hygienic care - bath, mouth care, cold washcloth to face, perineal care.
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Back rub, linen change - to promote relaxation.
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Goal: emotional support.
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Encourage verbalization of guilt feelings, anxiety, fear, concerns; provide factual information.
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Support positive self-concept.
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Keep informed of progress.
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Goal: provide quiet diversion. Television, reading materials, handcrafts.
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Goal: health teaching
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Explain, discuss proposed management to suppress preterm labor.
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Describe, discuss side effects of medication.
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Explain rationale for bed rest, position.
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If labor continues to progress:
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Goal: facilitate infant survival.
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Administer betamethasone, as ordered, 24 - 48 hours before birth—to increase/stimulate production of pulmonary surfactant.
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Give antibiotic to mother to lower down chance of neonatal sepsis.
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Notify neonatal ICU (NICU) - to increase chances for fetal survival, ensure prompt, expert management of neonate, and provide information and support to parents.
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Monitor progress of labor to identify signs of impending birth. Note: May give birth before complete (10 cm) dilation.
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Consider transfer to high-risk facility.
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Prepare for birth, or cesarean birth if infant less than 34-36 weeks of gestation.
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Goal: emotional support.