MIND-ALTERING SUBSTANCES
TABLE 10-5 Major Substances Used for Mind Alteration
| Official Name | Slang Name | Usual Single Adult Dose/Duration | legitimate Medical Uses (Present and Projected) | Short-Term Effects | Long-Term Effects |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alcohol-whisky, gin, beer, wine. |
Booze, hooch, suds, moonshine, firewater, nightcap. |
½ ounce of gin or whiskey, 12 ounces of beer/2-4 hours. |
Rare: sometimes used as a sedative (for tension). |
CNS depressant; relaxation (sedation); euphoria; drowsiness; impaired judgment, reaction time, coordination, and emotional control; frequent aggressive behavior and driving accidents; loss of inhibitions; slurred speech. |
Diversion of energy and money from more creative and productive pursuits; habituation; possible obesity with chronic excessive use; irreversible damage to brain and liver; addiction with severe withdrawal illness (DTs) with heavy use; many deaths. |
Caffeine-coffee, tea, Coca-Cola, No-Doz, APC. |
Java, mud, brew. |
1-2 cups, 1 bottle. 5 mg/2-4 hours. |
Mild stimulant; treatment of some forms of coma. |
CNS stimulant; increased alertness; reduction of fatigue. |
Sometimes insomnia, restlessncss, or gastric irritation; habituation. |
Nicotine (and coal tar)-cigarettes, cigars, pipe tobacco, snuff |
Fags, nails, weeds, butts. |
1-2 cigarettes/1-2 hours. |
None (used as an insecticide). |
CNS stimulant; relaxation or distraction. |
Lung (and other) cancer, heart and blood vessel disease, cough, etc.; higher infant mortality rate; many deaths; habituation; diversion of energy and money; air pollution; fire. |
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SEDATIVES Alcohol |
Downers |
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Barbiturates-amobarbital (Amyta), Tuinal), pentobarbital (Nembutal), secobarbital (Seconal), phenobarbita. |
FBarbs, blue angel, blue devils, yellow jackets. yellow birds, dolls, red devils, red birds, phennnies, goofers, jelly beans, tooies. |
50-100 mg |
Treatment of insomnia and tension Induction of anesthesia as an anticonvulsant. |
CNS depressants; sleep induction); sometimes euphiria; drowsiness; impaired judgement, reaction time, coordination and emptional control; relief of anxiety/tension; muscele relaxation. |
Irritability, weight loss, addiction with severe withdrawal illness (like DTs); diversion of energy and money; habituation, addiction. |
Glutethimide (Doriden) |
Gorilla pills, CBs. D |
500 mg |
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Chloral hydrate (Noctec) |
Peter. Mickey |
500 mg |
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Meprobamate (Miltown. Equanil) |
Dolls, dollies |
400 mg/4 hours |
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STIMULANTS Caffeine Nicotine |
Uppers |
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Amphetamines Ampethamine (Benzedrine) Methamphetamine (Methodrine, Pesoxyn) Dextroamphetamine (Dexdrine) |
Pep pills, wake-ups. Bennies, spalsh, peaches Water crystal, speed, meth Dexies, uppers. |
2.5-15.0 mg |
Treatment of obesity, narcolepsy, fatigue, depression, heperkinesia. |
obesity, narcolepsy, fatigue, depression, heperkinesia CNS stimulants; increased alertness; reduction if fatigue; loss of appetite; insomnia; often euphira, agitation. |
Restlessness, weight loss, toxic psychosis (mainly paranoid); diversion of energy and money; habitutation; extreme irritability; toxic psychosis. |
Phenmetrazine HCI (Preludin) Cocaine |
Diet Coke, snow, blow, happy gold dust, toot, lady, flake,crack,ceil, girl, C. |
25mg Variable/4 hours* |
Anesthesia of the eye and throat. |
Symptoms of overdose hallucinations, convulsions; cardiac, respiratory failure; coma; pulmonary edema. |
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TRANQUILIZERS Chlordiazepoxide (Librium) Phenothiazines
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Green and whites, roaches |
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Treatment of anxiety, tension. alcoholism, neurosis, psychosis, psychosomatic disorders, and vomiting. |
Selective CNS depressants; relaxation, relief of anxiety/tension; suppression of hallucinations or delusions, improved functioning. |
Sometimes drowsiness, dryness of mouth, blurring of vision, skin rash, tremor; occasionally jaundice, agranulocytosis, or death. |
Marijuana or cannabis |
Pot. grass, Texas tea, weed, stuff, joint, reefers, Mary Jane. MJ, hay. loeoweed. |
Variable-1 cigarette or pipe, or 1 drink or cake (lndia)/4 hours* |
Treatment of depression, tension, loss of appetite, high blood pressure, nausea and vomiting from chemotherapy. |
Relaxation, euphoria, increased appetite, some alteration of time perception, possible impairment of judgment and coordination; mixed CNS depressant-stimulant; lowered inhibitions. |
Usually none; possible diversion of energy and money; habituation; occasional acute panic reactions (with paranoia, delusions, hallucinations). |
Hashish* |
Hash, rope. Sweet Lucy. |
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ANTIDEPRESSANTS
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Speed, uppers, eye opener. |
Ritalin (5-10 mg) Dibenzazepine (25 mg, 10 mg) MAO inhibitors(10 mg, 15 mg/4-6 hours*) |
Treatment of moderate to severe depression. |
Relief of depression (elevation of mood), stimulation. |
Basically the same as tranquilizers above. |
NARCOTICS (OPIATES, ANALGESICS)
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Treatment of severe pain, diarrhea, and cough. |
CNS depressants; sedation, euphoria, relief of pain, impaired intellectual functioning and coordination. |
Constipation, loss of appetite and weight, temporary im-potency or sterility; habituation, addiction with unpleasant and painful withdrawal illness. |
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Topical anesthetic. |
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Doctors |
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Dilaudid |
DLs, 4s, lords, little D |
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HALLUCINOGENS
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Experimental study of mind and brain function; enhancement of creativity and problem solving; treatment of alcoholism. mental illness, and reduction of intractable pain in the dying person; chemical warfare. |
Production of visual imager)'. increased sensory awareness, anxiety, nausea, impaired coordination; sometimes consciousness expansion. |
Usually none; sometimes precipitates or intensifies an already existing psychosis (hallucinations); more commonly can produce a panic reaction (extreme hyperactivity). |
MISCELLANEOUS
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None except for antihistamines used for allergy and amyl nitrite for fainting. |
When used for mind alteration generally produces a “high" (euphoria) with impaired coordination and judgment. |
Variable-some of the substances can seriously damage the liver or kidney, and some produce hallucinations. |