Department of Health

5 MAJOR FUNCTIONS:

Ensure equal access to basic health services
Ensure formulation of national policies for proper division of labor and proper coordination of operations among the government agency jurisdictions
Ensure a minimum level of implementation nationwide of services regarded as public health goods
Plan and establish arrangements for the public health systems to achieve economies of scale
Maintain a medium of regulations and standards to protect consumers and guide providers

BASIC HEALTH SERVICES UNDER OPHS OF DOH

E ducation regarding Health
L ocal Endemic Diseases
E xpanded Program on Immunization
M aternal & Child Health Services
E ssential drugs and Herbal plants
N utritional Health Services (PD 491): Creation of Nutrition Council of the Phils.
T reatment of Communicable & Non communicable Diseases
S anitation of the environment (PD 856): Sanitary Code of the Philippines

D ental Health Promotion
A ccess to and use of hospitals as Centers of Wellness
M ental Health Promotion

VISION BY 2030 (DREAM OF DOH):

A Global Leader for attaining better health outcomes, competitive and responsive health care systems, and equitable health financing

MISSION

To guarantee EQUITABLE, SUSTAINABLE and QUALITY health for all Filipinos, especially the poor and to lead the quest for excellence in health

Principles to attain the vision of DOH

Equity: equal health services for all-no discrimination
Quality: DOH is after the quality of service not the quantity
Philosophy of DOH: “Quality is above quantity”
Accessibility: DOH utilize strategies for delivery of health services

HEALTH CARE DELIVERY SYSTEM

“the totality of all policies, facilities, equipment, products, human resources and services which address the health needs, problems and concerns of the people. It is large, complex, multi-level and multi-disciplinary.”

THREE STRATEGIES IN DELIVERING HEALTH SERVICES (ELEMENTS)

Creation of Restructured Health Care Delivery System (RHCDS) regulated by PD 568 (1976)
Management Information Systems regulated by R.A. 3753: Vital Health Statistics Law
Primary Health Care (PHC) regulated by LOI 949 (1984): Legalization of Implementation of PHC in the Philippines

CREATION OF RHCDS

RHO (National Health Agency) or existing national agencies like PGH or specialized agencies like Heart Center for Asia, NKI
MHO & PHO (Municipal/Provincial Health Office)
BHS & RHU (Barangay Health Station/Rural Health Unit)

3 LEVELS OF HEALTH CARE

Primary-prevention of illness or promotion of health
Secondary-curative
Tertiary-rehabilitative

According to Increasing Complexity of the Services Provided

TYPE & SERVICE

Primary : Health Promotion, Preventive Care, Continuing Care for common health problems, attention to psychological and social care, referrals.
Secondary : Surgery, Medical services by Specialists
Tertiary : Advanced, specialized, diagnostic, therapeutic & rehabilitative care

According to the Type of Service

TYPE & EXAMPLE

Health Promotion and illness Prevention : Information Dissemination
Diagnosis and Treatment : Screening
Rehabilitation : PT/OT

LEVELS OF PREVENTION

PRIMARY LEVEL : Health Promotion and Illness Prevention

Provided at:

Health care/RHU
Health Stations
Main Health Center
Community Hospital and HealthCenter
Private and Semi-private agencies

SECONDARY LEVEL : Prevention of Complications thru Early Dx and Tx

When hospitalization is deemed necessary and referral is made to emergency (now district), provincial or regional or private hospitals.

TERTIARY LEVEL : Prevention of Disability, etc.

When highly-specialized medical care is necessary.
referrals are made to hospitals and medical center such as PGH, PHC, POC, National Center for Mental Health, and other gov’t private hospitals at the municipal level.

Referral System in Levels of the Health Care:

Barangay Health Station (BHS) is under the management of Rural Health Midwife (RHM)
Rural Health Unit (RHU) is under the management or supervision of PHN
Public Health Nurse (PHN) caters to 1:10,000 population, acts as managers in the implementation of the policies and activities of RHU, directly under the supervision of MHO (who acts as administrator).

REFERRAL SYSTEM:

BHS→ RHU→ MHO→ PHO→RHO→ National Agencies→Specialized Agencies

CHARACTERISTICS OF PHC

Acceptable
Accessible
Affordable
Available
Sustainable
Attainable

UTILIZES APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGIES USED BY PHC: ACCEFS

A ffordable, accessible, acceptable, available
C ost wise=economical in nature
C omplex procedures which provide a simple outcome
E ffective
F easibility of use=possibility of use at all times
S cope of technology is safe & secure

SENTRONG SIGLA MOVEMENT (SSM)

was established by DOH with LGUs having a logo of a Sun with 8 Rays and composed of 4 Pillars:

Health Promotion
Granted Facilities
Technical Assistance
Awards: Cash, plaque, certificate

4 CONTRIBUTIONS OF PHC TO DOH & ECONOMY:

Training of Health Workers
Creation of Botika sa Baryo & Botika sa Health Center
Herbal Plants
Oresol

TRAINING OF HEALTH WORKERS

3 Levels of Training:

Grassroot/Village

Includes Barangay Health Volunteers (BHV) and Barangay Health Workers (BHW)
Nonprofessionals, didn’t undergo formal training, receive no salary but are given incentive in the form of honorarium from the local government since 1993

Intermediate - these are professionals including the 8 members of the PHWs
First Line Personnel - the specialist

CREATION OF “BOTIKA SA BARYO & BOTIKA SA HEALTH CENTER”

RA 6675: Generics Act of 1988: Implementing

“Oplan Walang Reseta Program”-solution to the absence of a medical officer who prescribed the medicines so PHN are given the responsibility to prescribe generic medicines and
“Walong Wastong Gamot Program”- available generics in “Botika sa Baryo” & Health Center
Father of Generics Act: Dr. Alfredo Bengzon

8 COMMONLY AVAILABLE GENERICS (CARIPPON)

Co-Trimoxazole:

It’s a combination of 2 generics of drugs which is antibacterialTrimethoprim(TMP)
Has a bacteriostatic action that stops/inhibits multiplication of bacteria
For GUT, GIT & URTI (TMP combined with SMX) Sulfamethoxazole (SMX)
Has bactericidal action that kills bacteria
For GUT, GIT, URTI & Skin Infections

Amoxicillin/Ampicillin

An antibacterial drug that comes from the Penicillin family
Effect is generally bacteriostatic (when source of infection is bacterial)
These 2 drugs provide the least sensitivity reaction (rashes & GI) and the adverse effect of other antibiotics is anaphylactic shock

TB DRUGS:

Rifampicin (RIF)
Isoniazid (INH)
Pyrazinamide (PZA)

Paracetamol

Has an analgesic & anti-pyretic effect

Acetyl Salicylic Acid (ASA) or Aspirin is never kept in the “Botika” because of its effects:

Anticoagulant-highly dangerous to Dengue patients that’s why it’s not available in “Botika” & Health Center

Oresol:

A management for diarrhea to prevent dehydration under the Control of Diarrheal Diseases (CDD) Program

Nifedipine:

An anti-hypertensive drug
According to DOH, 16% of population belonging to 25 years old & above in the community are hypertensive

HERBAL PLANTS

RA 8423: Alternative Traditional Medicine Law a program where patient may opt to use herbal plants especially for drugs that are not available in dosage form or patients has no financial means to buy the drug

Traditional Medicine:

Use of herbal plants

11 ADVOCATED HERBAL PLANTS BY DOH: LUBBY SANTA

Lagundi

Scientific Name: (Vitex negundo)
Uses: Asthma, cough, colds & fever (ASCOF) Pain and inflammation
Leaves
Decoction Poultice

Ulasimang Bato

Scientific Name: (Peperonia pellucida)
Uses: Gout, Arthritis, Rheumatism
Leaves
Decoction Poultice

Bayabas

Scientific Name: (Psidium quajava)
Uses: Diarrhea, Toothache, Mouth and wound wash
Leaves
Decoction

Bawang

Scientific Name: (Allium sativum)
Uses: HPN Toothache
Clove/Bulb
Poultice

Yerta Buena

Scientific Name: (Mentha cordifelia)
Uses: Same as Lagundi except asthma
Leaves
Decoction Poultice

Ulasimang Bato

Scientific Name: (Peperonia pellucida)
Uses: Gout, Arthritis, Rheumatism
Leaves
Decoction Poultice

Sambong

Scientific Name: (Blumea balsanifera)
Uses: Edema diuretic
Leaves
Decoction

Akapulko

Scientific Name: (Cassia alata)
Uses: All forms of skin diseases
Leaves
Decoction Poultice Cream

Niyog Niyogan

Scientific Name: (Quisqualis indica)
Uses: Intestinal Parasitism (Nematodes)
Seeds
Decoction Poultice Juice

Tsaang Gubat

Scientific Name: (Carmona resuta)
Uses: Diarrhea, Infantile colic (Kabag), Dental caries
Seeds
Decoction Poultice

Ampalaya

Scientific Name: (Mamordica charantia)
Uses: Type II Diabetes (NIDDM)
Seeds
Decoction

POLICIES TO ABIDE:

Know indications
Know parts of plants with therapeutic value: roots,
fruits, leaves
Know official procedure/preparation

Procedures/Preparations:

Decoction

Gather leaves & wash thoroughly, place in a container the washed leaves & add water
Let it boil without cover to vaporize/steam to release toxic substance & undesirable taste
Use extracts for washing

Poultice

Done by pounding or chewing leaves used by herbolaryo
Example: Akapulko leaves-when pounded, it releases extracts coming out from the leaves contains enzyme (serves as anti-inflammatory) then apply on affected skin or spewed it over skin
For treatment of skin diseases

Infusion

To prepare a tea (use lipton bag), keep standing for 15 minutes in a cup of warm water where a brown solution is collected, pectin which serves as an adsorbent and astringent

Juice/Syrup

To prepare a papaya juice, use ripe papaya & mechanically mashed then put inside a blender & add water
To produce it into a syrup, add sugar then heat to dissolve sugar & mix it

Cream/Ointment

Start with poultice (pound leaves) to turn it semi-solid
Add flour to keep preparation pasty & make it adhere to skin lesions
To make it into an ointment: add oil (mineral, baby or any oilserves as moisturizer) to the prepared cream to keep it lubricated while being massage on the affected area

ORESOL

Glucose

20 grams
1° Significance:
For re-absorption of Na
Facilitates assimilation of
Na
2° Significance:
Provides heat & energy

Sodium Chloride/NaCl

3.5 grams
For retention of water/fluid

Sodium Bicarbonate/NaHCO3

2.5 grams
Buffer content of solution Neutralizer content of solution

Potassium Chloride/KCl

1.5 grams
Stimulates smooth muscle contractility especially the heart & GIT

PREPARATION OF PROPER HOMEMADE ORESOL

A volume or one-liter homemade oresol

Water 1000 ml. or 1 liter
Sugar 8 teaspoon
Salt 1 teaspoon

Smaller volume or a glass homemade oresol

250 ml
2 teaspoon
1/4 teaspoon or a pinch of salt=10-12 granules of rock salt: iodized salt=tips of thumb & index finger are penetrated with salt