Constructive Criticism

Introduction

Whether you work in business or associate with people on a regular basis, constructive criticism is one of the primary skills that will give you an edge in effective communication. Simply put, it is the ability to offer criticism – on any subject – without causing offense or creating more conflict than might already be apparent. For supervisors and managers, the ability to offer constructive criticism means that you can get better results from your employees without sacrificing respect from either side; and for interpersonal relationships, constructive criticism can help you in avoiding misunderstandings or hurt feelings.

The Critic-Recipient Relationship

In most cases, you won't be able to offer constructive criticism unless you have a clearly defined relationship with the other party. Criticism – no matter how kindly or benignly it is offered – is generally unacceptable from a subordinate, a stranger, or one with whom authority does not figure. For example, constructive criticism is typically offered from an authoritative standpoint (parent to child, teacher to a student, or boss to employee) or from equals (spouses, friends, most family members). Although students and employees may be asked to fill out evaluation forms, it is generally not acceptable for those in lower positions of power to offer criticism unless the situation warrants it or their opinion is solicited.

Personal Criticism

If you are offering criticism on a personal level (say, that of a friend to a friend), it is important to fully expect criticism in return. When you are offering someone advice or direction, feelings of vulnerability inevitably arise. By opening yourself up to the same type of critique, you are less likely to encounter hard feelings or an upset in the relationship.

Consider the following scenario:

James and Orville were friends for years. They recently took a class together on fly fishing. James, whose father was an amateur fly fisherman, greatly exceeded Orville in the classroom skills. Before the class was set to go out on their end-of-class field trip, Orville asked James for some pointers on becoming better at fly fishing. James complied, but only on the promise that Orville would share his own tips on bowling, a sport at which he excelled.

In this situation, James diffused a potentially hazardous situation. Although Orville solicited James for advice, it can be difficult for equals to admit weaknesses and take criticism. By offering Orville the opportunity to share his own expertise, James maintained an equal playing field and strengthened their overall relationship.