Basic Health Services of DOHngiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors

(E L E M E N T S) HEALTH EDUCATION: Generalized Activities where Health Education is provided

  1. Family Health Nursing Care (FHNC)
  2. Community Organization
  3. Epidemiological Condition
  4. Environmental Sanitation
  5. Home Visit

3 Concepts of FHNC:

Standard Definition of Nursing Process: a systematic approach of solving an existing problem/meeting the needs of family-RAPIE

  1. Rapport/Relating
  2. Assessment: Sub-steps
    1. Data Gathering: tools or instruments used during survey (windshield)
      1. Interview
      2. Observation
      3. Questionnaires-mostly patronized & used in CHN
      4. Records & Reports available
    2. Consolidation or Collation-collecting back the questionnaires, tabulate and summarize
    3. Validation: uses statistical approaches

      4. Statistical Approaches:

      1. Central Tendencies: 3 M’s
        1. Mean=average
          • Mean: x=Ex (summation of=sum total of variables available)
          • N (# of existing variables)
          • Example:
          • Shortening of life expectancy of Females: 71 y/o & Males: 67 y/o.
          • What is the average life expectancy of Filipinos? 71 + 67=138 ÷ 2=69 y/o average life expectancy.
        2. Median=range
          • Highest-lowest score=95-35=60 passing score
        3. Mode=frequency of occurrence of a variable, used if there’s too many variable occurring twice or more & arrange variables from highest to lowest.
          • Example: Scores of exam=95 95 85 85 70 65 65 65 50
          • Uni-modal: 70 & 50=1x
          • Bi-modal: 95=2x
          • Tri-modal: 85 & 65=3x
          • Quadri-modal=4x 26
      2. Standard Deviation: used if there are too many variables available to be treated which is seldom used in CHN.
        • SD=√ Σ (x-x) Σ=summation of n-1
        • x=variables available
        • x=mean (given special attention)
        • n=# of existing variables
      3. Percentile (%) Method: most commonly used in CHN by adding all cores then multiply by 100.
    4. Presentation of Data
      1. Table/Chart
      2. Graph:
        • Pie
        • Bar-2 variables only
        • Line
        • Polygon-connecting the results
        • Histograph-2 or more variables & appear adjacent to each other
    5. Identifying or Defining the Problem
      1. First Level Assessment: to determine problems of family
        • Sources of Problems using IDB
        • Family: use of Initial Data Base (IDB)
        • Nature: Health Deficit (HD), Health Threat (HT), Foreseeable Crisis (FC)
          • Use of Initial Data Base (IDB):
            1. Family Chart Structure:
              Nuclear-Father, mother, children Extended (3rd generation)-Relatives staying with the family Multi-generational extended-“apo sa tuhod” or “apo sa talampakan” Dyad-Husband & wife only (childless couple) Blended-widow married another widow & have children Gay-Same sex living together Matriarchal-Mother is the decision maker. Patriarchal-Father is the decision maker Communal-different families forming a community.
            2. Socio-economic: poverty level, educational attainment & nature of occupation of members of the family (sources of income).
            3. Socio-cultural: different nature of religion.
            4. Home environment: assessment according to ES, treatment of garbage, preparation of food, availability of toilet, water & food sanitation, sources of diseases.
            5. Medical history: history of certain disease, family member with disease.
            6. Resources available in community for use by the family:
              • 5 Generalized M’s in resources available in community:
                1. Man/Manpower
                2. Money
                3. Machine
                4. Materials
                5. Methods
                1. Transportation
                2. Hospital/Clinic
                3. School
                4. Market
                5. Recreational Center
              • 5 Specific M’s:
                1. Transportation
                2. Hospital/Clinic
                3. School
                4. Market
                5. Recreational Center
          • Define the problem after identifying it according to nature
            1. Health Deficit (HD) - If identified problem is an abnormality, illness or disease, there’s a gap/difference between normal status (ideal, desirable, expected) & actual status (the outcome/result/problem encountered on that actual day).
              • During “operation timbang”, the 9 y/o child is 15 kg. (actual BW). For a 9 y/o, IBW=25-27 kg. 27, -15, 12 kg. underweight (a deficit).
            2. Health Threat (HT)-any condition or situation which will be conducive to health alteration, health interference & health disturbance.
              • 8th pregnancy=↑ risk=toxemia, now known as PIH Without immunization (BCG, OPV, DPT, HBV, Measles)=HT to have 7 immunizable diseases.
            3. Foreseeable Crisis (FC)-stress points, anything which is anticipated/expected to become a problem.
              • Example: Jobless=no income→ no money to buy food leads to starvation Pregnancy for the 8th time.
      2. Second Level Assessment: coping capacity of the family using coping areas (9x)
  3. Planning
  4. Intervention or Implementation or Working Phase
  5. Evaluation